In addition to the fundamental insurance regulatory goal of reliability of the insurance mechanism, state laws and regulations reflect a second body of fundamental goals aimed at the conduct of insurer operations in the marketplace. These consist of the goals of (1) reasonableness which seeks to bar mistreatment of the whole body of policyholders, (2) equity which seeks to avoid unfair discrimination as between individual policyholders and (3) fairness which seeks to prevent mistreatment of policyholders as individuals in such areas as claims practices, agent misrepresentations and service. The following areas of regulation seek to foster the achievement of one or more of these three major goals.